Readers of this module should gain a solid understanding of oversight mechanisms and methods, the role of regulatory bodies, inspections, audits, the reporting requirements, and the interplay between competition and regulation.
Regulatory Concerns When Formulating a Port Reform Strategy
Assessing Port Sector Competition
Costs of an Inadequate Regulatory Framework
Strategies to Enhance Port Sector Competition
Decision Framework for Selecting Port Competition: Enhancement Strategies and Remedies
Designing a Port Regulatory System
Step 1: Specify Regulatory Objectives and Tasks
Step 2: Conduct a Legal Review of the Regulatory System
Step 3: Determine Institutional Arrangements for Regulatory Oversight
Step 4: Determine Degree of Regulatory Discretion
Step 5: Identify Appropriate Regulatory Tools and Mechanisms
Step 6. Specify Operating and Financial Performance Indicators
Step 7: Establish an Appeal Process and Procedures
Step 8: Incorporate Regulatory Details into Laws and Contracts
Annex: Port Tariffs: General Structure, Items, and Flow of Charges
Box 1: Intraport Competition in Buenos Aires, Argentina
Box 2: Port Sector Competition Factors
Box 3: The Case of Israel: From National Monopoly to Port Monopoly
Box 4: Potential Anticompetitive Behavior in the Port Sector
Box 5: Predatory Pricing and Service Bundling in Cartagena, Colombia
Box 6: Competition Enhancement
Box 7: Dividing the Port into Terminals to Induce Competition
Box 8: Terminalization in Limited-Volume Ports: The “Overlapping Competition” Strategy
Box 9: Subsidy Bids for Management Contracts in Low-Volume Ports
Box 10: Checklist for Port Sector Restructuring or Unbundling
Box 11: Decision Framework for Port Competition Enhancement
Box 12a: Reviewing Port Regulatory Responsibilities in Victoria, Australia
Box 12b: Reviewing Port Regulatory Responsibilities in Victoria, Australia (continued)
Box 13: Establishing a Port Sector Regulatory Agency in Colombia
Box 14: A Simple Port Regulatory Structure for Sri Lanka
Box 15: Safeguards for Creating an Independent Regulatory Body
Box 16: Reconciling Independence with Accountability
Box 17: Price Cap versus Rate-of-Return Regulation
Box 18: Port Production Process
Box 19: Port Performance Indicators
Box 20: International Arbitration
Box 21: Checklist of Regulatory Items for Port Operating Contracts
Box A-1: Relative Weights of Different Port Charges
Box A-2: Relationship between Port Charges and the Location Where the Charge is Incurred
Box A-3: Transaction Complexities Pre- and Postprivatization
Box A-4: Port Charges in Miami, Florida
Box A-5: Port Charges in Cartagena, Colombia
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